Simulation · Chemistry · Class 11
Equilibrium is dynamic
From the lesson Law of chemical equilibrium and Kc in Equilibrium. Change the values and watch what happens.
Equilibrium is dynamicChemistry · Class 11
The idea behind it
NCERT § "Law of Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constant"
- Chemical equilibrium can be reached from either side: starting with reactants alone or with products alone leads to the same equilibrium mixture at a given temperature.
- Guldberg and Waage's law of mass action: for aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD, Kc = [C]ᶜ[D]ᵈ / [A]ᵃ[B]ᵇ at equilibrium, with concentrations in mol L⁻¹.
- Kc is constant at a fixed temperature, whatever the starting concentrations.
- The equilibrium constant of the reverse reaction is 1/Kc.
- Multiplying a balanced equation by n raises K to the power n; dividing by n gives the nth root of K.
- Adding two reactions multiplies their equilibrium constants.
- Units of Kc are (mol L⁻¹)^Δn; K is dimensionless when Δn = 0, and in thermodynamic treatments K is often taken as dimensionless using standard states.
- In calculations, convert equilibrium moles to mol L⁻¹ before substituting; the volume cancels out only when Δn = 0.