NEET Biology questions, chapter by chapter
Botany and Zoology: 90 of the 180 NEET questions, and almost entirely a retention problem.
NCERT Class 11
Breathing and Exchange of Gases
This chapter tests the mechanics of breathing (pressure-driven inspiration and expiration), the exchange and transport of O₂ and CO₂, respiratory volumes and capacities, and the neural regulation of breathing. NEET marks are frequently lost on respiratory-volume arithmetic, on the relative solubility/transport share of O₂ versus CO₂, and on confusing look-alike respiratory disorders.
10 questions
Cell: The Unit of Life
This chapter is a high-yield NEET source, testing precise recall of organelle structure and function — plasma membrane, endomembrane system, mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, and the nucleus. Marks are commonly lost by confusing structurally similar organelles (lysosome vs vacuole, cilia vs centriole) or mixing up prokaryotic and eukaryotic features.
10 questions
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
This chapter tests the site and mechanism of the light reactions and the biosynthetic phase, the early experiments (Priestley, Ingenhousz, Sachs, Engelmann, van Niel) that built our understanding of photosynthesis, the C₃ Calvin cycle versus the C₄ pathway with Kranz anatomy, photorespiration, and the factors limiting the rate of photosynthesis. NEET marks are often lost by mixing up PS I/PS II, cyclic/non-cyclic photophosphorylation, and C₃/C₄ distinctions.
10 questions
NCERT Class 12
Human Reproduction
Human Reproduction covers the anatomy of the male and female reproductive systems, gametogenesis, the menstrual cycle, fertilisation, implantation, pregnancy, and parturition. NEET tests precise hormone-target relationships (FSH on Sertoli cells, LH on Leydig cells and ovulation, placental hCG in pregnancy, oxytocin in parturition) and the exact sequence and location of key events such as fertilisation versus implantation. Marks are commonly lost by mixing up hormone sources and targets, or the timing of events across the menstrual and gestational cycles.
10 questions
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Molecular Basis of Inheritance covers DNA structure and replication, transcription, translation, the genetic code, and gene regulation via the lac operon — the physical, molecular basis underlying Mendelian genetics. NEET draws heavily on the classic DNA-as-genetic-material experiments (Griffith, Hershey-Chase, Meselson-Stahl), the precise properties of the genetic code, and applications such as DNA fingerprinting. Marks are commonly lost by confusing the template strand with the coding strand, or continuous (leading strand) with discontinuous (lagging strand, Okazaki fragments) replication.
10 questions
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Principles of Inheritance and Variation builds from Mendel's monohybrid and dihybrid crosses to deviations such as incomplete dominance, co-dominance and multiple alleles, then to the chromosomal theory, linkage, sex determination, and Mendelian and chromosomal disorders. NEET frequently sets numerical cross problems (ratios, probabilities) and pedigree-based questions on X-linked recessive disorders. Marks are often lost through arithmetic slips in ratio calculations and mixing up the karyotypes of Down, Klinefelter and Turner syndromes.
10 questions
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