Chemistry · Class 12 · Chapter 9
Amines
12 lessons 85 min 2 simulations
Amines are ammonia with its hydrogens swapped for alkyl or aryl groups, keeping nitrogen's lone pair. The chapter names and classifies them, shows six ways to make them, explains their hydrogen bonding and why their base strength depends on inductive, solvation and resonance effects, and covers the reactions that tell 1°, 2° and 3° amines apart. It ends with diazonium salts: how they are made cold, how the –N₂⁺ group is swapped for halogens, –CN, –OH, –H or –NO₂, and how coupling makes azo dyes.
What the exam asks
NEET asks for basicity orders (gas phase versus water, alkyl versus aryl, substituted anilines) and pKb reading, carbon counting in Hoffmann and nitrile routes, why Gabriel fails for aniline, the carbylamine and Hinsberg tests, aniline's bromination, nitration (51/47/2) and missing Friedel-Crafts reaction, and diazonium conversions (Sandmeyer, Gatterman, KI, HBF₄, H₃PO₂, coupling). Marks are lost on the aqueous basicity order, on the Hinsberg solubilities and on the temperature window 273–278 K.
Lessons
12 lessons · 85 min
1Structure, classes and namesNCERT §9.1–9.35 min2Preparing amines by reduction and ammonolysisNCERT §9.45 min3Gabriel and Hoffmann methodsNCERT §9.46 min4Physical properties of aminesNCERT §9.55 min5Basic character of aminesNCERT §9.611 min 1 sim6Acylation, alkylation and the carbylamine testNCERT §9.65 min7Nitrous acid and Hinsberg's reagentNCERT §9.69 min 1 sim8Electrophilic substitution in anilineNCERT §9.66 min9Diazonium salts: making and handlingNCERT §9.7–9.86 min10Replacing the diazonium groupNCERT §9.95 min11Coupling and uses in synthesisNCERT §9.9–9.105 min12Chapter reviewMust-know facts, traps and formulas17 min